There is a possibility of strong earthquake in these 20 areas of the country, the scale can go up to 8 on the Richter scale

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Many geologists have warned after the earthquake in Turkey. Now 20 such areas have been estimated in India, where an earthquake of 8 or more reactors can occur at any time.

**Photo taken during relief and rescue after the earthquake in Turkey**

After the recent earthquake in Turkey, scientists from all over the world are expressing apprehension for the future. Even in India, scientists of the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology have estimated 20 such areas in the Himalayas, where earthquakes of 8 or more reactor scale can occur at any time. Let us tell you that due to an earthquake of magnitude 5 or more, the building shakes here. In such a situation, if an earthquake of 8 magnitude occurs, then we cannot even imagine the damage caused by it. The magnitude of the earthquake in Turkey was 7.9.

According to Dr. RJ Perumal, Senior Scientist of the institute, there may be 20 areas prone to major earthquakes in the Himalayan region of about 2000 kilometers and about half a dozen areas in India.

The possibility of such earthquakes is highest in Ramnagar of Uttarakhand, Kangra of Himachal Pradesh and Assam region. The reason for this is that despite the tension going on under the earth of these areas, the energy is not able to come out. Dr. Perumal says that in the year 1255, there was an earthquake of eight to nine reactors in the Ramanagara region. After this, no major earthquake was recorded here.

Similarly, in the year 1255, a very powerful earthquake (8.0 to 9.0) occurred in Nepal with geological structure. After this, heavy earthquakes have occurred in 1831, 1934 and 2015. Kangra in Himachal, which falls in the same micro-seismicity belt, did not experience any earthquake after the 1905 earthquake (7.8 on the Richter scale).

Central Nepal and Assam province of the country also comes in one belt. There are small earthquakes as well as big earthquakes here in short intervals. Except for the year 1255 earthquake in Nepal, the interval of the last three major earthquakes was between 51 to 81 years and the last 2 major earthquakes in Assam of the same route have occurred between 51 to 81 years.

why earthquakes happen

To know the answer to this, first of all you have to understand the structure of the earth. The whole earth is situated on 12 tectonic plates. Lava is present under these tectonic plates. These 12 plates float on these lavas. When lava collides with these plates, the energy released is called an earthquake.

It can also be understood that the outermost layer of the earth which is divided into 12 plates. These plates keep on shifting continuously. Sometimes these plates collide with each other while shifting. Due to which earthquake is felt. Due to this the ground also slips.

Crores of years ago, India was not close to Asia, but due to the earthquakes on the ground, India is moving towards Central Asia by moving about 47 mm every year. About five and a half million years ago, a collision was so tremendous that the Himalayas were formed.

Then India was a big island. This island floating in the sea for more than 6,000 kilometers collided with the Eurasia tectonic plate and the Himalayas were formed. The Himalayas are the youngest mountain range in the world.

According to the estimates of scientists, due to geological changes, Himalayan regions are becoming very sensitive to earthquakes. Because of this, both the plates are constantly pushing on each other, due to which there is instability in the region. But the question arises that why the earth’s plates of the Himalayan region are not getting stable?

To know the answer to this, through the software named ‘Underworld Code’, efforts are still going on to understand that collision which happened crores of years ago.

How is this software working

The software named ‘Underworld Code’ works on the data. By filling the data in this software, it is being seen that what kind of change took place in the situation before and after the collision. It is also being seen that how powerful those changes were physically. So far it has been learned from the ‘underworld code’ that the density of the surface of the Indian plate is more than that of the inner ground. Because of which India is moving towards Central Asia.

India is divided into four parts according to the risk of earthquake

In terms of earthquake risk, India has been divided into four zones. First Uttarakhand, second Srinagar area of Kashmir, third Himachal Pradesh and fourth some part of Bihar. On the other hand, Kutch of Gujarat and six states of the Northeast come under the category of hypersensitive. They have been kept in zone five. Zone five means that there is a high possibility of dangerous earthquakes in these areas. Five major earthquakes have occurred in the Himalayan region since 1934.

What is meant by the intensity and center of an earthquake?

Seismographs are used to measure the intensity and duration of an earthquake. Through seismogram, a graph of the movement in the earth is made. The epicenter of an earthquake is the place where movement occurs in the plates just below it. Which is called Hypocenter. This is where the maximum vibration also occurs. As the frequency of vibration goes away, its effect decreases.

If there is an earthquake with a frequency of 7 or more on the reactor scale, then the surrounding 40 km radius feels strong tremors. If the frequency of the earthquake is on the higher side, then less areas are affected by the earthquake, whereas if this frequency is on the lower side, then a large area is affected by the earthquake.

Understand the meaning of increasing intensity of earthquake
The intensity of an earthquake is measured by the number. As this number increases, the energy released from the earthquake also increases. If the intensity of an earthquake increases by 1 point, the energy released from it increases 32 times. For example, an earthquake of magnitude 5 releases 32 times more energy than an earthquake of magnitude 4. This is how it progresses and the danger arising from it too.

A magnitude 8 earthquake releases 1,000 times more energy

Scientists have spoken of an earthquake with an intensity of 8 or more in India. A magnitude 8 earthquake releases 1,000 times more energy than a magnitude 7 earthquake. An earthquake with a magnitude of 8 is considered very dangerous. Its victim is a very large area, and it is felt for a long time. This earthquake completely ruins the buildings. Columns, walls and heavy furniture fall from the tremors of this earthquake. Earthquakes of magnitude 8 or more can occur once in a year.

So can earthquakes be predicted accurately?

After the earthquake in Turkey, many scientists are warning about the earthquake. In such a situation, he was also asked that how confident are you about the prediction of earthquake? Because earthquakes come suddenly and leave a trail of devastation and destruction behind them.

In the same year, scientists got the first indication of earthquakes in Turkey and Syria from the flash seen on their sensitive equipment. This message is received only after the earthquake starts. Wherever earthquakes occur on earth, there is a confluence of three tectonic plates. These plates are known as Anatolia, Arabia and Africa plates. The same three plates collided with each other in Turkey and Syria.

Scientists are of the opinion that the latest earthquake was bound to come. Even now warnings are being given in many places about the earthquake, but the question arises that why scientists do not tell the right time and the right place before the earthquake. Let us try to understand the truth behind this.

Actually it is very difficult to forecast earthquake. It is true that there are some signs during the arrival of earthquake or after it has passed, but it is a difficult task to predict the earthquake in advance.

Scientists have been trying to predict earthquakes since the 1960s. But due to the fault lines of the earthquake, it is a challenge to estimate it. The fault lines are spread inside the earth of the whole world. Because of these fault lines, the movement inside the earth continues continuously. Due to which many earthquakes are coming in a day. Although all these earthquakes are not strong and they do not cause any damage.

According to the World Health Organization, more than half of the deaths due to natural disasters are due to earthquakes. Between the years 1998-2017, about 750,000 deaths occurred due to earthquakes worldwide.